| Notes l |
covers the "Biu+ Mandara" or "Central Chadic" grouping, part of the "Chadic" affinity within the wider "Afro-Asiatic" or "Hamito-Semitic" intercontinental affinity; comprising 9 sets of languages (62 outer languages) spoken by communities in North Central Africa, in and around the Mandara highlands (whence the term "Mandaric"): 18-A MUSKUM+ MBARA 18-B LAGWAN+ JINA 18-C MORA+ ZALADAVA 18-D SUKUR 18-E MADA+ MARVA 18-F DABA+ GAVAR 18-G BURA+ PSIKYE 18-H NYIMATLI+ GA'ANDA 18-I GBWATA+ GUDU |