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1-10 of 21 matches of 32810 nodes total |
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Match 1 |
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| ID a & Name b |
00-A Mandinka + Mende |
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Attributes |
| Zone f |
pdf |
| Page g |
38 |
| LSName h |
MANDINKA + MENDE |
| LSType i |
set |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
MANDE-WEST 𝒮 Arabic; Latin; also indigenous Mande scripts |
| Script n |
Arabic; Latin; Mande |
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Statistics |
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2 Chains • 4 Nets • 11 OuterLanguages • 56 InnerLanguages • 99 Dialects • 37 ISO-639-Relatives |
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Match 2 |
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| ID a & Name b |
14-FB Borena + Tulema |
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Attributes |
| Zone f |
pdf |
| Page g |
98 |
| LSName h |
BORENA + TULEMA |
| LSType i |
chain |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
OROMO, 'galla' # the indigenous cover-name oromoo, oromo (=«people») is accepted by most but not all constituent communities; the (Amharic) exonym 'galla' is considered derogatory |
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Statistics |
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1 Net • 1 OuterLanguage • 9 InnerLanguages • 21 Dialects • 8 ISO-639-Relatives |
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Match 3 |
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| ID a & Name b |
28-FBA-c Magadige |
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Attributes |
| Zone f |
pdf |
| Page g |
200 |
| LSName h |
Magadige |
| LSType i |
outer language |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
⊕ Anson Bay hinterland |
| Scale o |
1 |
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Statistics |
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1 InnerLanguage |
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Relatives
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GeoEntity C 1
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Australia
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Match 4 |
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| ID a & Name b |
28-FBA-ca Maga-Dige |
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Attributes |
| Zone f |
pdf |
| Page g |
200 |
| LSName h |
maga-dige |
| LSType i |
inner language |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
dige |
| Scale o |
1 |
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Relatives
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GeoEntity C 1
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Australia
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Match 5 |
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| ID a & Name b |
29= TRANSAUSTRALIA geozone |
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Attributes |
| Zone f |
pdf |
| Page g |
205 |
| LSName h |
TRANSAUSTRALIA |
| LSType i |
zone |
| Grouping j |
geo |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
covers the "Transaustralia" reference area, composed of the "Pama-Nyungan" hypothesis (sets 29-A to 29-X, within the wider "Australian" hypothesis) plus the "Tasmanian" notional set of extinct languages (29-Y); together comprising a total of 25 sets of languages (213 outer languages) spoken or formerly spoken by small hunter-gatherer communities, originally occupying the whole of Australia and Tasmania (except the far-north, covered by geozone 28=): 29-A DJAMBARR+ DJINANG 29-B WARLPIRI+ PITJANTJA 29-C ARABANA+ YARLI 29-D MURUWARI 29-E BAAGANDJI+ MARAWARA* 29-F NGARINYERI+ YITHAYITHA 29-G WUURONG+ KOLAKNGAT 29-H NULIT+ THANG 29-I DHUDOROA 29-J PALLANGAN-MIDDANG 29-K YOTA+ YABULA 29-L WIRADHURI+ GAMILA 29-M THAWA+ WORIMI 29-N GUMBAYNGGIR+ YAYGIR 29-O BANDJALANG+ YUGUM 29-P YAGARA+GOWAR 29-Q WAGA+ GABI 29-R MARGANY+ MUNGKAN 29-S GALIBAMU 29-T LARDIL+ JAKULA 29-U KALKUTUNG+ YALARNNGA 29-V WAGAYA+ WARLUWARA 29-W WARUMUNGU 29-X ARANDA+ GAIDIDJ 29-Y MARRAWAH+ KAOOTA* The scantily documented languages of Tasmania (29-Y) were effectively extinct before 1900, and this set is therefore excluded from totals of languages spoken during the 20th cent. the Australian mainland languages covered by phylozone 29= (sets 29-A to 29-X) account for approximately one third of all outer languages which have become extinct throughout the world during the 20th century. This destruction of indigenous speech-communities has resulted from the occupation and ethnic-clearance of their traditional space, primarily by sea-borne speakers of [52=] English. Traditional speech communities in Australia were always small, and only 14 among 298 surviving outer-languages in zones 28= and 29= (marked ✓ in column 2) are likely to have totalled 1,000 or more voices each in the year 1999. The intensified study, development and teaching of those languages would appear to be an educational, scientific and cultural priority in the 21st century. Most surviving speech-communities of this zone are bilingual, with primary fluency – especially among younger speakers - in [52=] Australian creole and/or English. |
| Scale o |
4 |
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Statistics |
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25 Sets • 56 Chains • 113 Nets • 218 OuterLanguages • 547 InnerLanguages • 29 Dialects |
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Relatives
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ISO-639 A 1
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ISO-639-5-Collective-aus Australian
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GeoEntity C 1
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Australia
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Match 6 |
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| ID a & Name b |
4= EURASIA geosector |
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Attributes |
| Page g |
331 |
| LSName h |
EURASIA |
| LSType i |
sector |
| Grouping j |
geo |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
This gesector covers 35 sets of languages (= 219 outer languages, comprising 680 inner languages) spoken by communities across Eurasia, from western Europe to eastern Asia. These sets comprise all indigenous languages of Eurasia (Europe plus continental Asia, including the islands of India and Japan) which are excluded from the phylosectors 1=Afro-Asian, 5=Indo-European and 7=Sino-Tibetan. Zone 40= covers one outer-language, spoken from the Bay of Biscay in Western Europe, astride the western Pyrenees mountains, and zones 41= and 42= cover languages spoken in central and eastern Europe, including the Caucasus. 40=EUSKARIC phylozone 41=URALIC phylozone 42=CAUCASUS geozone Zones 43= to 45= cover northern and central Asia, from Siberia to Turkey and Japan, with some overlap into Europe. Zone 44= corresponds to the area of the "Altaic" hypthesis, and zones 44= and 45= to the "wider Altaic" hypothesis. 43=SIBERIA geozone 44=TRANSASIA geozone 45=EAST-ASIA geozone Zones 46= to 49= cover Southern (including South-east) continental Asia. Zone 46= covers all Southern Asian languages which are not included under the Tai+ Kadi affinity (zone 47=), the Miao+Yao, Hmong+ Mien set (zone 48=) and the Dravidian grouping (zone 49=), or under any phylosector. 46=SOUTH-ASIA geozone 47=DAIC phylozone 48=MIENIC phylozone 49=DRAVIDIC phylozone |
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Statistics |
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10 Zones • 35 Sets • 63 Chains • 114 Nets • 219 OuterLanguages • 678 InnerLanguages • 1505 Dialects • 503 ISO-639-Relatives |
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Match 7 |
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| ID a & Name b |
52-ACB-ehd Überetsch + Unterländisch |
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Attributes |
| Zone f |
pdf |
| Page g |
435 |
| LSName h |
überetsch + unterländisch |
| LSType i |
dialect |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
⊕ Etsch, Adige middle valley: Meran downstream... |
| Scale o |
4 |
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Match 8 |
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| ID a & Name b |
52-ACB-ehe Vintschgäuisch |
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Attributes |
| Zone f |
pdf |
| Page g |
435 |
| LSName h |
vintschgäuisch |
| LSType i |
dialect |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
⊕ Vintschgau country: Etsch; Adige upper valley |
| Scale o |
4 |
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Match 9 |
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| ID a & Name b |
52-ACB-ga Yiddish-W. |
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Attributes |
| Zone f |
pdf |
| Page g |
436 |
| LSName h |
yiddish-W. |
| LSType i |
inner language |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
west-jiddisch ➤ the indigenous German and (until 19 cent. also literary) idiom of Yiddish, from which Yiddish-E. developed from 14th cent; Yiddish-W., which spread southwards to Lombardy in 15th cent. and northwards to the North Sea and Baltic ports, is now close to extinction. |
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3* |
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Statistics |
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6 Dialects |
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Relatives
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ISO-639 A 1
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ISO-639-3-Language-yih Western Yiddish
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GeoEntity C 1
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Deutschland
| France
| Schweiz
| Italy
| Netherlands
| Slovensko
| Magyarország
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Match 10 |
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| ID a & Name b |
66-EAA-a Nuxalk |
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Attributes |
| Zone f |
pdf |
| Page g |
499 |
| LSName h |
Nuxalk |
| LSType i |
outer language |
| IsNotional k |
no |
| Notes l |
¶ 50 speakers or less in 1980's # nuxalk is an earlier indigenous name, revived in the 1970's bilingual < [52=] English 𝒮 Latin script ⊕ Bella-Coola river-mouth |
| Script n |
Latin |
| Scale o |
1 |
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Statistics |
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1 InnerLanguage • 1 ISO-639-Relative |
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Relatives
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GeoEntity C 1
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Canada
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1-10 of 21 matches of 32810 nodes total |